lida mavadat; sajad papi; farshid lari monfarid
Abstract
The Mu'tazilite theological school is one of the most important Islamic theological and intellectual schools that had many supporters in the Islamic world from the second to the fifth century AH. This school of thought was founded in the early second century AH by Wasel ibn Atta (d. 131 AH) in Basra ...
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The Mu'tazilite theological school is one of the most important Islamic theological and intellectual schools that had many supporters in the Islamic world from the second to the fifth century AH. This school of thought was founded in the early second century AH by Wasel ibn Atta (d. 131 AH) in Basra and quickly spread to other Islamic lands. Khuzestan was also affected by this current of thought very soon due to its geographical connection to Basra; According to historical and geographical sources, the prevalence of this school in Khuzestan has been more than any other land. This research intends to study and explain the reasons for the growth and expansion of this theological school in Khuzestan and its historical ups and downs in this region with an analytical look. The main question of the present study is what factors led to the growth and expansion of Etezali ideas in Khuzestan? Findings show that factors such as the geographical and cultural affiliation of Khuzestan to the origin of the Mu'tazilites (Basra), the religious diversity of Khuzestan and the general desire of its people - including properties and the general public - for theological discussions led to the expansion of the Mu'tazilites in Khuzestan.
mohsen Rahmati
Abstract
Several Atabeg dynasties emerged in different parts of Iran in the second half of the 6/12th century as a result of the weakness of the Seljuqs. One of which was formed by the elders of the Afshar tribe in the region of Khuzestan and Lorestan. One of their chiefs, Shumleh, entered the Seljuqid court ...
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Several Atabeg dynasties emerged in different parts of Iran in the second half of the 6/12th century as a result of the weakness of the Seljuqs. One of which was formed by the elders of the Afshar tribe in the region of Khuzestan and Lorestan. One of their chiefs, Shumleh, entered the Seljuqid court and went to Khuzestan in the political turmoil after the death of the Seljuqid Sultan Masud in 547 A.H. With the support of some of the Seljuqid princes, he founded the new Atabeg dynasty in this area, which may be named the Banu Shumleh dynasty after its founder. In this descriptive-analytical research, the establishment, legitimization, stabilization and finally the decline of this lesser known dynasty will be investigated.The findings show that the weakness of the Seljuqid and the favorable political activity of the Atabeg institution were conducive to the presence of Afshars in power struggles. The rulers of this dynasty sought to gain the necessary legitimacy to consolidate and maintain their power by the establishment of social security in the territory and setting up friendly or contentious relations with the existing powers, such as the Seljuqid court, the Abbasid caliphate and the Atabegs of Azerbaijan and Atabegs of Fars.However, the dynasty was overthrown following pointless conflicts with neighboring governments, the weakness of the Shumleh’s successors and various economic, political, and social problems.
Mohammad Reza Askarani
Abstract
Khuzestan has been one of the most developed parts of Iran and the capital of strong dynasties in different periods, but during the Qajar period it did not have any effect on its ancient development and this area had many problems. The history of civilization, the fertility of the land, the good weather ...
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Khuzestan has been one of the most developed parts of Iran and the capital of strong dynasties in different periods, but during the Qajar period it did not have any effect on its ancient development and this area had many problems. The history of civilization, the fertility of the land, the good weather and the way to the coast of the Free Sea are features that make thinking of the destruction of the situation in that period. The author tries to answer this question with the aim of identifying the political and social status of Khuzestan in the Nazarene period and using the "analytical descriptive" approach and using the "library" and "documentary" method: What factors contributed to the deterioration of Khuzestan's situation during Naser al-Din Shah? It is assumed that two categories of factors have caused political and social changes in Khuzestan: First, local factors such as tribal performance and the behavior of local rulers and other interventions of European colonists. This study shows that the performance of the Qajar government and the intervention of foreigners prevented the development of this area, and overcoming tribal life and inappropriate behavior of government officials, have been the political and social problems of Khuzestan in the Nazarene era.
