ghorbanali kenarodi
Abstract
The local family of Rooz Afzoon in the shelter of Swadkoh’s castles and forests, and the adherence to Sadat Marashi's government and military service to them, managed to rule over Suzdok and parts of Eastern Mazandaran for more than a century. Two of the most prominent rulers of this family, ...
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The local family of Rooz Afzoon in the shelter of Swadkoh’s castles and forests, and the adherence to Sadat Marashi's government and military service to them, managed to rule over Suzdok and parts of Eastern Mazandaran for more than a century. Two of the most prominent rulers of this family, Agha Rostam and Agha Mohammad Rooz Afzoon, have governed simultaneously by the formation and strengthening of the Safavids in Iran. The Safavids, through the implementation of the policy of creating divisions and launching a civil war among local rulers, began to increase the influence of the central government and reduce the power of local rulers. As a result of this policy, the Marashhian religious power in Mazandaran has weakened and the local clan has increasingly fallen. With regard to the historical aspects of the problem and the purpose of the research, this article tries to appropriately answer to the following question by applying historical research method with an emphasis on analyzing the data of sources: "What was he process of formation and expansion of the growing local family of Rooz Afzoon in Mazandaran and the causes of their fall.
Ghorbanali Kenaroudi; Soheyla Naimi
Abstract
Khan Ahmad Gilani Khan (1538-1592) is the last ruler of Al-Kia in Gilan who was overthrown by Shah Abbas I in 1592 A.D for political, economic and religious reasons. The encounter of Safavid historians with the government of Al-Kia can be examined in three steps: at the first, they speak of Al-Kia respectfully ...
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Khan Ahmad Gilani Khan (1538-1592) is the last ruler of Al-Kia in Gilan who was overthrown by Shah Abbas I in 1592 A.D for political, economic and religious reasons. The encounter of Safavid historians with the government of Al-Kia can be examined in three steps: at the first, they speak of Al-Kia respectfully due to refuge of Mirza Ismail to Gilan. In the second step that was coincident with the reign of Shah Tahmasp, historians gradually left behind the Al-Kia government as a result of some disputations between Tahmasp and Khan Ahmad and finally his imprisonment. And the third step was the time of Shah Abbas government and the overthrown of Al-Kia. Historical sources of this era tried to introduce Khan Ahmad as a guilty person in favour of Shah Abbas’ action and to support of Safavid dynasty. The present research intends to investigate the reasons of difference viewpoints in historical sources from Safavid era about the Character of Khan Ahmad Gilani Khan.
