Iran Local Histories
Fatemeh Faridi Majid
Abstract
Garus, which many people know by the name of Amir Nizam Garusi (the ruler of the Qajar period), according to the available sources, is an area of 1700 to 1800 square kilometers and one of the main components of the structure of the country divisions of western Iran from the beginning of the Safavid to ...
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Garus, which many people know by the name of Amir Nizam Garusi (the ruler of the Qajar period), according to the available sources, is an area of 1700 to 1800 square kilometers and one of the main components of the structure of the country divisions of western Iran from the beginning of the Safavid to the middle of the Pahlavi period. This region was sometimes under the rule of Kurdistan and in most times was governed by an independent ruler. The present article, based on official and unofficial documents in a historical-referential method, has sought the position of this region by emphasizing its name in the structure of Iran's administrative divisions.The results show that the official application of the name Garus to this region was common frombefore the Safavid period to the middle of the Pahlavi period and after that, although it remained in the cultural memory, it was identified with the name of Bijar in the geographical structure of Iran. The author tries to express the stages of presence, application and official removal of this geographical name among official and unofficial correspondences, approvals, documents and sources in the structure of Iran's country divisions. It seems that Garus tribe’s power in the Safavid period and after that Amir Nizam Garusi’s position in the Qajar period, in the application of Garus and the promotion of this region and the decline of the tribe’s power played a decisive role in changing its name.
Iran Local Histories
Fatemeh Faridi Majid; Javad HERAVI; Mohammad Bahramzadeh
Abstract
The importance of Olearius in the history of Iran is his travelogue and map of Iran, which was effective in drawing maps and writings about Iran in decades and centuries. Meanwhile, a little-known regional map of Gilan left by Olearius indicates the importance of this part of Iran in the Safavid period. ...
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The importance of Olearius in the history of Iran is his travelogue and map of Iran, which was effective in drawing maps and writings about Iran in decades and centuries. Meanwhile, a little-known regional map of Gilan left by Olearius indicates the importance of this part of Iran in the Safavid period. In the situation in the sources of the Safavid era, there is ambiguity in applying the terms state and province to the regions of Iran, the state of Gilan has been drawn with high precision for the first time. What added to the value of the map was his personal observations and field research from local experts while passing through Gilan, which has doubled the validity of the map of Gilan as an authentic document of the historical geography of this region in the 17th century. The map (1656 AD) is the oldest and perhaps the first regional map of Gilan in modern European cartography that has corrected the previous information.
There are no maps left from the Safavid period, and therefore the concepts of the map have been matched with the most important geographical source of the Safavid era, Mokhtasar Al Mofid book, in order to determine the difference between the inside and outside view of a geographical place. Matching this information with the geography of Gilan, along with the nomenclature of this region, is one of the goals of the research with the help of the historical research method and library search. The findings show that the information of Olearius map is significantly more than the geographical text of the Mokhtasar Al Mofid in terms of quantity and details.
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