Document Type : pajoheshi
Author
Ph.d. in History of Iran after Islam, Department of Islamic History and Civilization, Faculty of Humanities, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
Abstract
The culture of endowment has long held great importance among various classes of Iranians; however, the lands and properties endowed have occasionally been subject to misuse and exploitation by different groups. In the Khamsa region (Zanjan), the extent of endowments and the status of the endowed properties were unclear until the late Qajar period. During the Constitutional Revolution, with the establishment of the Ministry of Education, Endowments, and Luxury Industries, the issue of reviewing and overseeing endowments began. However, in various regions, including Khamsa, objections were raised by the endowers. This trend continued during the reign of Reza Shah. The main research question in this study is: Considering the status of the endowments in the Khamsa region, what challenges and constraints did the Endowment Institution of Khamsa face? Based on initial findings, part of the endowments in Zanjan during the Qajar era were subject to misuse. In the Reza Shah period, under the leadership of Etezad Razani, the process of reviewing the files began. Despite the initial ups and downs and certain shortcomings, such as a lack of financial and human resources, with the support of the ministry and the diligence of the officials, the situation of the endowments was partially organized, and several important cases were completed. Nevertheless, the government’s actions caused instability in the position and functions of the endowment institution. Although these actions were effective in reforming some processes and organizing matters related to endowments, in reality, the management of a large number of endowment properties was taken over by the government, either under the title of unknown trustees or by claiming the non-compliance of the trustees—an action that conflicted with the intentions of the founders. This study, utilizing library resources and articles, focuses on documents from various organizations and families, using a historical method and a descriptive-explanatory approach to the subject.
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