Iran Local Histories
Mohammad Bakhtiari
Abstract
Abstract Qazvin is one of the cities that were occupied by the allies in both world wars. During the Second World War, the forces of all three countries, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States, were present in this city, and Qazvin was used as one of the command centers of the Soviet ...
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Abstract Qazvin is one of the cities that were occupied by the allies in both world wars. During the Second World War, the forces of all three countries, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States, were present in this city, and Qazvin was used as one of the command centers of the Soviet forces and their main base to control the capital. The presence of the allied forces in Qazvin caused many problems for its residents, the effects and signs of which can be seen in the documents and sources left from that era. The purpose of the current research, which is carried out with aanalytical method and relying on documents and library sources, is to investigate the situation of Qazvin during World War II and wants to answer the question of what consequences the occupation of Qazvin by the allied forces had for This city and its inhabitants have had. The result of the present research shows that the presence of the Allies in Qazvin, which continued from the first days of their arrival in Iran until the months after the end of the World War, caused insecurity, chaos, murder, looting, theft, famine, high prices, smuggling, There was hoarding, disease, conflict and conflict in Qazvin and its surroundings.
Teimoor Ghasemi; Asghar Foroughi; fereydoon Allahyari
Abstract
The World War II (1939-1945 AD) created special conditions in different parts of Iran. One of these parts was Fars province that due to its proximity to the Persian gulf and oil resources, the impact of war on Fars Province was inevitable. In addition to, political conflicts between tribe and central ...
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The World War II (1939-1945 AD) created special conditions in different parts of Iran. One of these parts was Fars province that due to its proximity to the Persian gulf and oil resources, the impact of war on Fars Province was inevitable. In addition to, political conflicts between tribe and central government and the weakness of central government caused major losses to the state. This study seeks to improve the investigation of social, economic and political impacts of Fars in World War II. On this basis, the main question of research is that, what was the impact of World War II and the allies on Fars agriculture, transportation and the health? The research seeks to demonstrate the impact of allied invasion on Fars Province during World War II, based on documents local newspapers and first- hand sources. Findings of research indicate that Fars province has experienced unfavorable conditions during the war in three sectors of agriculture (lack of cereal and low quality bread), health (occurance of disease and deficiency of medicine and physician) and transportation (failure to secure roads and smuggling) due to intervention of allies, especially British. This paper is organized on the basis of descriptive-analytical method.
SHOKAT AFSHARI; abolfazl razavi
Abstract
Zanjan city had played a significant role in contemporary history,due to being located between Tehran and Azarbaijan. During World War II , this city due to the placement on the levelled roads and railway attracted the attention of Allies at first. when Iran was divided between The Allies at 1320, ...
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Zanjan city had played a significant role in contemporary history,due to being located between Tehran and Azarbaijan. During World War II , this city due to the placement on the levelled roads and railway attracted the attention of Allies at first. when Iran was divided between The Allies at 1320, Zanjan and other northern cities was transferred to Soviet. After this turning point , the Soviet's political- economic encroachment and interference in Zanjan city is appeared and the cause of the shortage of bread and cereal was the plunder measures of them in Zanjan. The Present study seeks to explain the condition of Zanjan during the World War II as long as looking for the answer of this question: what was the effect of The Allies' economic orientation in the dearth and famine, shortage of bread and cereal in Zanjan? According to the documents from 1319, wheat and other products' harvest in zanjan was in a good amount But The Soviets caused the shortage of bread and the local people's revolt with some steps such as buying wheat from free market, exporting the excess amount of wheat and other products and also dealership and hoarding.The present research approach is descriptive- analytic and the data has been collected by documentary method and library resources ,field research and oral interview.
mikail vahidirad
Abstract
World War II, like World War I, despite its declaration of neutrality soon swamped Iran, its strategic position to help the Soviets overcome Germany paved the way for the British, US, and Soviet powers to occupy Iranian territory. The US military presence in Iran has been analyzed from the same perspective. ...
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World War II, like World War I, despite its declaration of neutrality soon swamped Iran, its strategic position to help the Soviets overcome Germany paved the way for the British, US, and Soviet powers to occupy Iranian territory. The US military presence in Iran has been analyzed from the same perspective. As helping the Soviet Union and trying to strengthen the supply corridor of the Soviet front. The question of the paper is whether the US presence in Iran was merely to help the Soviet Union, or whether the US, by withdrawing from the policy of the Monroe Doctrine, was practically seeking to play a role beyond that and seek to play a role in important and strategic regions of the world. In this article, using the method of historical research and the use of American documents, we seek to answer the contexts and reasons for the presence of this country in Iran during World War II. Our assumption is based on the fact that the United States, with sufficient knowledge of the strategic importance of the Persian Gulf during the war and also the day after the war, planned for a long-term presence and proceeded accordingly. The findings of the study also indicate that the United States, using various methods while inclining Iranian politicians to the West, by establishing a base and implementing policies to orient public opinion in Iran, has a long-term plan to be present in the Persian Gulf.
mohammad jafar chamankar
Abstract
During World War II, the port of Bushehr was occupied During World War II, the port of Bushehr was occupied by the allies, like the rest of the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea. Throughout the war (1320-1324), Bushehr was the scene of a strong presence of English, Indian, and especially American ...
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During World War II, the port of Bushehr was occupied During World War II, the port of Bushehr was occupied by the allies, like the rest of the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea. Throughout the war (1320-1324), Bushehr was the scene of a strong presence of English, Indian, and especially American agents. The Allies aimed to send Soviet aid to all the military, economic infrastructure of the port. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of World War II on the port of Bushehr in a chronological process relying on largely unpublished archival records and public, economic publications. And the locality of the time is. The data set shows that despite the importance of Bushehr, the economic role of economists compared to previous periods, especially late Qajar and early Pahlavi move regressed show. As the end of the war draws nearer, its negative consequences are more pronounced on Bushehr. The adverse effects of several years after the end of World War II also affected the entire economic and social structure of Bushehr. Accordingly, Bushehr suffered a lot of social and economic damage in the challenge with the presence of a large number of foreign elements, and the process of degrading its position was accelerated. In this article, the researcher has tried to answer the following question: How did the consequences of World War II in a time process affect the deterioration of the economic situation of Bushehr port? In the end, it is concluded that the Second World War directly affected all aspects of domestic and foreign trade in Bushehr port and the resulting financial and social unrest, causing imbalances in various economic layers and severely weakening its position in Iran and the shores of the Persian Gulf.
Mohammad Bakhtiari; matin eslahi; mahshid sadat eslahi
Abstract
The occupation of Iran by the Allies in World War II and its problems such as insecurity, inflation, hoarding, smuggling, and rural migration to cities, caused extensive damage to Iranian agriculture, including Isfahan. The government has taken various measures to deal with existing problems. The purpose ...
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The occupation of Iran by the Allies in World War II and its problems such as insecurity, inflation, hoarding, smuggling, and rural migration to cities, caused extensive damage to Iranian agriculture, including Isfahan. The government has taken various measures to deal with existing problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the success rate of government measures and actions to solve problems and improve the living conditions of farmers in Isfahan. A descriptive-analytical approach is used to investigate this issue and the method of data collection will be libraries and documents. The findings of the present study show that the Allied occupation of the country had a devastating impact on Iranian agriculture, which formed the main basis of the country's economy. To cope with the farmers' problems, the government took initiatives and policies such as repairing of canals and irrigation networks, encouraging farmers to cultivate the spring and pay long-term loans to farmers. But ultimately, these policies are very useful and effective because of the uncertainties of the states, the differences and conflicts between individuals and groups of different political and ethnic groups, the presence and defeat of foreign occupation forces, the drought and the impoverishment of agricultural products. And the agriculture of Isfahan, as in other parts of Iran, experienced worse conditions than before the occupation of the country by the Allies.
Mojtaba Khalife; Ali Najafzadeh
Volume 5, Issue 9 , March 2017, , Pages 155-174
Abstract
The allies attacked Iran in Shahrivar 1320 and one of the Key measures of Russia and the UK was taking over the heavy trucks which were being used in Iran transportation system in order to get benefit from them in line with their military purposes. Britain first established the Apatz Company for the ...
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The allies attacked Iran in Shahrivar 1320 and one of the Key measures of Russia and the UK was taking over the heavy trucks which were being used in Iran transportation system in order to get benefit from them in line with their military purposes. Britain first established the Apatz Company for the transportation from India to Khorasan. But when they failed to achieve their goal, the allies, with the collaboration of the U.S.A., came to the agreement the Apatz Company to be replaced by the U.K. Export and Import Union which was called in Persian U.K.C.C.
This transportation company had a key role in transferring military weapons and necessities to Russia, but at the same time, this task remained its various economic and social effects. Since a branch of the transportation route used by the allies was passing through Khorasan province, its effects on the people’s life of Khorasan, from various aspects, was obvious. Taking over the heavy duty trucks, road construction, performing economic activities, transportation by loading, smuggling the goods, employing drivers, heavy truck ownership as well as social activities such as transferring the war hostages, were among the U.K. most significant branch activities which had social and economic effects.
The present paper attempts to provide a vast review of these effects and the influence of the U.K.C.C. transportation company on Khorasan province during World War II. The most important issues that the current study deals with are the reasons of the activities of the U.K.C.C. Company in Khorasan province, the areas of its activities and various dimensions of its effects.
The present study has been carried out through utilizing analytic-descriptive method and based on the historical documents, field study, and interviewing about the U.K.C.C. Transportation Company in Khorasan.
The current research demonstrates that the U.K.C.C. Transportation Company, in addition to the main area of its activities, has been effective in numerous economic and social fields, including drivers living, the dangers of driving, difficulties of transportation and economic activity
