Iran Local Histories
Fatemeh Faridi Majid
Abstract
The subject of this study is the MĀ WARĀʾ AL-NAHR (Transoxiana), one of the key Islamic lands, in Islamic maps from the ninth to the sixteenth century. Maps are known as important documents for understanding the political system and land divisions in historical periods, and Muslims were able to leave ...
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The subject of this study is the MĀ WARĀʾ AL-NAHR (Transoxiana), one of the key Islamic lands, in Islamic maps from the ninth to the sixteenth century. Maps are known as important documents for understanding the political system and land divisions in historical periods, and Muslims were able to leave a rich source of scientific data during the 8th to 16th centuries with accurate geographical scientific texts and updated maps. The research focuses on the representation of MĀ WARĀʾ AL-NAHR in these maps, the extent of cities, natural situations and related concepts. Using the method of historical research and analysis of thirteen linear maps in the archives of Iran and Saudi Arabia, the researcher has tried to provide matches between the locations of the maps and their current positions. These matches are especially important in identifying the location of some cities that were lost for various reasons or were placed in wrong places. The research findings, with the aim of identifying places and determining their correct positions, help to introduce the content of important map documents and the contribution of Muslim and Iranian cartographers to the scientific and geographical heritage. This study not only adds to the wealth of geographical knowledge, but also allows researchers to have a better understanding of the historical and geographical developments of this land and to better understand the role of MĀ WARĀʾ AL-NAHR in the history of Islam.
Iran Local Histories
Saleh Amipour; abdollah sajedi; jamal khosravi
Abstract
In the early Islamic centuries, Barzeh was a district, a place and a stage on the way from "Dinevar" to "Maragheh" and was located in Azarbaijan province. Due to the great importance of Azarbaijan, many sources have introduced its different regions and made brief references to some regions. One of these ...
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In the early Islamic centuries, Barzeh was a district, a place and a stage on the way from "Dinevar" to "Maragheh" and was located in Azarbaijan province. Due to the great importance of Azarbaijan, many sources have introduced its different regions and made brief references to some regions. One of these areas is Barzeh. At first, this area was one of the nearby District, and then with the addition of several villages, it became a new District. Muslim Arabs settled in this District and made it prosperous and famous. The name of Barzeh was mentioned in the sources until the Seljuk period, and after that, for unknown reasons, it disappeared. The current research seeks to investigate, identify and locate the Brazeh District. In this research, first-hand sources including historical sources, Masalik and Mamalik books and other early centuries Islamic books as well as research sources and new researches have been used. This research aims to answer the question, which point is Barzeh mentioned in the early Islamic centuries? And which area is it compatible with today? According to the review of the sources, comparing the maps and calculating the mentioned distances, the results of the research indicate that Barzeh can be compared with the current city of Saqez in Kurdistan province. This descriptive and analytical article has been done in a library method using slips extracted from first-hand historical and geographical sources and other reference books and geographical maps.
Mahdi Ebadi; naser adiban
Abstract
There are numerous historical analyzes about the process of the conquest of Iran by the Muslims, but the importance and determining the influence of the developments of the border regions and cities of Mesopotamia in the late Sassanid era have not been paid much attention to and have been neglected. ...
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There are numerous historical analyzes about the process of the conquest of Iran by the Muslims, but the importance and determining the influence of the developments of the border regions and cities of Mesopotamia in the late Sassanid era have not been paid much attention to and have been neglected. In the first stage of the advance of the Muslims in the territory of the Sassanid in the year 12 AH, which were mainly in the desert areas south and west of Mesopotamia in present-day Iraq, they managed to defeat the Sassanid border guards and troops in Kazima (Hufeir), Madhar, Walja, Ullais, Hirah, and Anbar. According to the findings of this historical-geographical research, at this stage of the conquest of the Sassanid territory, considering that most of these wars took place in the desert areas or on the edge of the desert, the Muslim Arabs took advantage of their adaptability to such geographical conditions and moved quickly in the desert areas. And by surprising the Sassanid border guards, they imposed their power and supremacy on them. These lightning victories killed the military and political splendor of the Sassanids against the Muslim Arabs, and the Muslims secured their presence in Mesopotamia by dominating the two important and strategic cities of Hirah and Anbar and the desert areas of Transoxiana and laid the groundwork for the entire conquest of Iraq and then Iran. Given the importance, impact, and consequences of this phase of the conquest of the west and south of the Sassanid territory, it can be considered as the phase - when the Muslim Arabs attacked the border areas and attacked the border cities- that the gate of the conquest of Iran was practically opened for the Muslim Arabs.
habib sharafi safa; Esmail Ganghis Ardehai
Abstract
Historical events in addition to time span affected by regional extension. This factor makes the researcher of history inevitably scrutinizing the location of events. A’lam's history and developments have not been exempt from this rule. A’lam is the northern most point in the province of ...
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Historical events in addition to time span affected by regional extension. This factor makes the researcher of history inevitably scrutinizing the location of events. A’lam's history and developments have not been exempt from this rule. A’lam is the northern most point in the province of Hamedan, which is connected to important government centers such as Hamedan, Qazvin and Soltanieh via communication routes. For this reason, the political and religious significance of its use by the rulers in crossing these cities has been used by the rulers. Therefore, the routes of communication, along with the geographical position and the extent of the land, give it the importance of a path that is not hidden from the eyes of rulers, tribes, and religious groups. Now, to understand the history of this land, knowing the geography and historical background of the A’lam is of great significance. The findings of the present study indicate that this place was of high geopolitical importance due to its lowland and smooth terrain that facilitated traffic along its route and along the Kharqan Mountain.
Nahid Barahoui; Abbas Oveisi
Volume 6, . , March 2018, , Pages 123-134
Abstract
Nosratabad is now one of the region of the city of Zahedan. Nosratabad region as the center of town about a hundered (Km) north of west Zahedan–bam is on the way. In the writing of ancient historians and geographers of the city with titles such as Esbyz, Espe, Esfi, Sepeh and is named Sanij. Nosratabad ...
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Nosratabad is now one of the region of the city of Zahedan. Nosratabad region as the center of town about a hundered (Km) north of west Zahedan–bam is on the way. In the writing of ancient historians and geographers of the city with titles such as Esbyz, Espe, Esfi, Sepeh and is named Sanij. Nosratabad geographical location as the only desert village between Kerman and Sistan is the cause of its importance. There are long–distance aqueducts and agricultural Lut desert, Nosratabad as the home of way for passengers and the trade caravan from west to east and Sistan – India trade had been transformed. The remaining munuments of the past in this place, such as minarets and an inn due to development is a demonstrator of governors. So that the Qajar period, in addition to commercial importance, due to the political and military situation, Nosratabad, more attention was paid to it by the king of the Qajar. These factors led to the construction of forts and military equipment and the prison provided in the region. This research uses a descriptive-analytical method to examine the historical geography of Nosratabad (based on the economic, political and military situation).
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Volume 3, Issue 6 , October 2015, , Pages 208-226
Abstract
Historical-Geography Research is an interdisciplinary research that for fieldwork and the land logistics is of great credit rating. In this method Geographic development in the middle of the historical developments are very important, and the purpose of the combination of these two fields is to create ...
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Historical-Geography Research is an interdisciplinary research that for fieldwork and the land logistics is of great credit rating. In this method Geographic development in the middle of the historical developments are very important, and the purpose of the combination of these two fields is to create the pattern and manner consistent with new research methods to study the developments in a specific geographic area in the historical period. Therefore, in this type of research the history is contemporary and its importance is for its applied framework. Qom in Qajar period because of the proximity to the capital and the resting in the transportation axis of Isfahan, Kashan and Sultanabad (Arak), enjoyed a special status. Little by little form the Naseroddin Shah time the first core of the city as the current structure was formed in Qom and the developments resulted in the growth and the expansion of the city were founded during this period. The primary objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of Qom in the Naseri period. Then by assessment of the above features, the ratio between the growth of the city and its geographical scope has been reviewed. The findings suggest that natural and political geography of Qom, besides its religious attractions in the Qajar period, provided the growth and development of this city. Growth of the city led to build and repairing roads between cities, expansion of merchandise trade, industrial workshops, a variety of ethnic and social groups.
